Vocal Functions

The singing voice can be divided into different functions, which determine how the voice works physically. Learning the voice's different functions helps you move across a wide range of genres and styles.

Graphic illustration of the voice's different functions

Emil Kampp Feb 5, 2026

What are functions?

A function is a way of setting up the voice that leads to a specific sound. Different functions give different timbre, volume, and resonance. All functions can be healthy if performed correctly.

The crucial thing is not so much what you sing, but how the voice is set up.

Different terms - same foundation

Different schools of vocal technique use their own terms to describe the voice. But regardless of which language we use, the anatomical functions of the voice are fundamentally the same.

Examples of terminology:

Estill Voice Training (EVT): Speech, Sob, Twang, Opera, Belt, Falsetto
Complete Vocal Technique (CVT): Neutral, Curbing, Overdrive, Edge
Speech Level Singing (SLS): Chest, Head, Mix

The concepts don’t map one-to-one, but they describe some of the same vocal qualities based on different pedagogical systems.

Belt - a “musical shout”

Belt is a complex function associated with high volume and intensity - a “musical shout”. To belt in a healthy way, you must first and foremost avoid pushing from the abdomen. A functioning belt occurs when:

The vocal folds close effectively
The airflow is stable
The cricoid cartilage “tilts”

If belt feels very hard, pressed, or hurts the throat, the function is not set correctly and should be adjusted.

Transitions between functions

Most singers experience “breaks” in the voice when attempting to switch between functions. It is quite normal - especially when switching between full voice and falsetto.

By working with coordination of breathing, support, and functions, you can learn to smooth out these transitions so the voice feels more coherent and free across functions.